JMAG is constantly being worked on to achieve highly accurate and high-speed simulation. JSOL would like to share our progress from the past year including parallel solvers to accelerate speed as well as GUI improvements aiming for increased productivity of analysis workflow. Analysis technologies we are currently focusing on and our plans for incorporation will also be covered in this presentation.
Design exploration is an important topic this year. This presentation will discuss the present and future of JMAG.

Electromagnetic field (EM) computation has widely been used for performance analysis of electric machines and analysis of electromagnetic phenomena. On the other hand, evolutionary computations using e.g. genetic algorithm (GA) have rapidly been prevailed in engineering because (1) global search can be done without dependence on initial solutions (2) differentiability of objective function is not required (3) complicated restriction can be easily imposed (4) multi-objective optimization is easily carried out. Combining EM field computation and evolutionary computation, we can realize optimization by which we can maximize the machine performance. Moreover, using this method, we can also perform topology and robust optimizations. In this talk, the fundamentals of GA and its state-of-the-art applications will be presented.

Electrification in automotive systems has an increasing demand on the efficiency and utilization of electric drives. Modern calculation software based on the finite elements approach is nowadays used to accurately predict the performance figure and secures investments. The increasing power of computers makes it possible to run thousands of calculations in parallel in a short time and optimization of the most common geometrical dimensions becomes possible. With the use of adapted evolutionary strategies it will be shown how a clean traceable process of electric motor design has been established.
Based on massive parallel computer farm and the performance of JMAG the evaluation of pareto-optimal design for HEV and EV traction applications makes it possible to achieve the best compromise between cost and performance.
For the development of new machine topologies with the focus on rotor magnet geometry we have developed an advanced topological optimization strategy. With a parametrical model of the geometric elements it is possible to switch the FEA properties for every mesh element to be iron, air or magnet. By using differential evolution optimization use that approach for a structural optimization and finding of new innovative magnet arrangements for minimizing magnet costs and torque ripple as main goals. It will be shown how JMAG can be efficiently being used for even the most sophisticated ideas.
Application of the proposed methods will be shown for a power hybrid system example with an electric drive limited in available space and high power demands.

An analysis of a claw pole rotating machine is described. In analyzing a claw pole rotating machine, three dimensional calculation is required for the geometry of claw pole is special. Therefore modeling rotors has been proceeded. However the geometry of coil end of stator also determines the machine’s property. In this case effects of coil end geometry on a claw pole rotating machine are investigated by using JMAG’s coil end modeling function.

During the design process of electrical machines for hybrid- and electrical cars, multi domain considerations are required.
Most conventional design algorithms include thermal influences on the material behavior only partial, by considering them separately after the electromagnetical design evaluation.
Although the individual review of electromagnetical and thermal domain increases the effort within the designing process, a coupled analysis between the two domains allows an more realistic design iteration process.
In case of a multiobjective optimization process the usage of multicore high performance computing systems significantly increases the speed and the amount of calculated designs.
For the developed optimization algorithm the electromagnetical-thermal coupled analysis in JMAG designer is used to optimize an expert design using multicore high performance computing systems.

Substations located near residential districts in urban areas are required to use low-noise transformers. Noise generated by iron core vibration (excitation noise) has taken into consideration such factors as reduction of iron core magnetic flux density, improvement of material properties, iron core structure (joints/clamps) and residual strain by machining as part of the efforts to move forward with noise reduction. When excitation noise becomes quieter, noise accompanying load current (load current noise) sometimes becomes an issue after having been ignored while excitation noise was being dealt with.
From the viewpoint of noise source, difference with the excitation noise in the load current noise is that electromagnetic force acts on windings and tank walls. About it, examples of numerical analysis were described in JMAG users conference 2013 and 2014.
As part of initiatives for predicting load current noise or noise reduction, it was confirmed that results of modal analysis almost accorded with results of measurement by using a simple tank filled with water. By the same technique, the transformer tank of the product scale filled with insulating oil was modelled afterwards. And the vibration which spread in oil from windings to tank walls was compared with the vibration by the electromagnetic force to work in tank walls directly by response analysis. Furthermore, JMAG was used in sound pressure analysis by the vibration of the tank filled with insulating oil. We will describe the examples of numerical analysis.

Comprehensive optimization of an electrical machine design requires that its electromagnetic (EM) and thermal performance must be analyzed and optimized simultaneously since electric machines are heavily constrained by thermal limits. This research presents the integration of a coupled EM/thermal model that can efficiently identify the maximum current density for a given machine during static operation, into the iterative machine design optimization program. An artificial neural network (ANN) that is capable of effectively characterizing input/output relationships for nonlinear multivariable functions is incorporated into the optimization program, resulting in a significant reduction of the total computation time. For demanding applications such as traction motors, the electric machine is frequently required to run at peak power conditions for short periods of time, causing large thermal swings. In addition to steady-state operating conditions, a transient version of the coupled EM/thermal model has been developed. This makes it significantly easier for machine designers to maximize the winding current density to achieve the highest possible torque/power ratings within thermal limits set by the winding insulation or demagnetization threshold requirements. Further, this transient model has been integrated into the optimization program to give it the capability of optimizing the machine designs for both steady-state and short-duration transient operating conditions.

For large capacity salient solid poles synchronous motor, starting torque and current are important design factor. High-precision analysis methods are required for compact design of rotating machines, but transient analysis by 3D FEM is not practical due to long calculation time. However, 2D FEM accuracy is not enough because the effects of magnetic pole and coil ends cannot be considered. We suggest high-precision analysis of 2D FEM with consideration of leakage inductance and magnetic pole resistivity for starting characteristics.

Innovative design process using JMAG that is enabled only by SHERPA, a hybrid and adaptive optimization algorithm, will be introduced.

Enables virtual system integration and analysis on mixed-level multi-domain verification.
Supports capture and re-use of design expertise and process know-how.
Reliability stress data and system loop stability verification can be captured in models with automatic extraction flow.

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Magnetic resonance coupling, proposed in 2007, was shown to achieve high efficiency and high power at a large air gap. However, the difference between electromagnetic induction and this phenomenon has been called into question. Through many achievements in research, including the proposal of an equivalent circuit model, a unifying explanation of electromagnetic induction and magnetic resonance coupling was shown to exist. Based on these discoveries, the difference between electromagnetic induction and magnetic resonance coupling will be explained.

It is important to predict the performance of electric machinery from the design stage to aim for high efficiency and performance. Estimating material properties as well as the effects of magnetic property degradation due to the processing/manufacturing process of core (iron core) in motor performance is indispensable, and there are many efforts of active research and development in both measurement and analysis. JFE Techno-Research runs analyses to get a grasp of magnetic properties and property degradation due to the processing and manufacturing process of the motor core.
This presentation will introduce magnetic property distribution analysis around the welding area of the stator core as an example of an analysis using JMAG. Weld processing that affects magnetic properties will also be accounted for through comparisons with actual measurement of model motors.

Wireless power transfer technology which doesn’t require connector joint has been developed as charging of plug-in hybrid vehicles (PHVs) and an electric vehicles (EVs).
On the other hand, regulation reconsideration and standardization also develop, and the environment for the practical use is being also maintained.
A prototype of the stationary wireless power transfer system and dynamic wireless power transfer system were designed and built. The performance of the both systems were examined. This article reports on design considerations of the both systems and test results of the prototype, including analysis results by JMAG.

Our primary focus is on products such as magnetos (generators), starter motors, ignition units, and ignition coils which are used in motorcycle and marine engines, mainly in the engine component field.
We also work on electric hybrid automobile PAS drive units.
Motorcycles are used by many users in markets such as China, India, and ASEAN.
We first developed products for 100cc sized engines, and now our sales have greatly expanded to also producing products for mid-sized and large vehicles which were once produced in Japan and exported to the West.
This case study presentation will report on using JMAG with the goal of increasing efficiency and performance of starter motors of the same size first produced 10 years ago.

In this presentation, we will introduce electromagnetic design method of wireless charging coil under a vehicle by using JMAG.
When wireless charging coil is mounted under a vehicle, leakage magnetic flux is interlinked to the body.
There is great impact to electromagnetic performance, such as charging efficiency , heat generation of the body, and the variation of inductance and coupling factor.
We measured electromagnetic performance under a vehicle, confirmed of the gap between the analysis and the actual measurement, and clarified loss distribution by leakage magnetic flux.
We will introduce this electromagnetic design method by using JMAG.

This is the latest version of “Useful Tips for JMAG-Designer”, which was introduced in the JMAG User’s Conference 2013.
JMAG has many lesser-known features that aren’t required to be known, but make using JMAG-Designer much more useful if they are.
Significant new functions have been introduced in places such as Upgrade Seminars, but you should not overlook the minor improvements, either. In this presentation, a demonstration will be given on the small but convenient tips that developers of JMAG-Designer want to tell you about.

The development of electric machines is proceeding at a rapid rate because of the expanding range of their applications, together with underlying changes in energy supply, in transportation, and in many other areas. Progress continues in power electronics and digital control, and in manufacturing methods, while the integration of these facets of technology becomes ever more complex. In all aspects of the technological system, software is essential for vital functions, especially simulation, control, and communication. In trying to describe the role of the electric machine designer in this system, one hopes to clarify his or her needs, and to emphasize certain basic limitations. Although analysis software for electric machine analysis is now extremely powerful, it remains too slow, and it is suggested that there are certain inefficiencies that could be relieved by greater attention to the theory of electric machines, the implementation of mundane calculations, the stabilization of interfaces, and the use of I/O channels that are currently ignored.

We evaluated whether the use of the optimization function in JMAG will assist in the increase of efficiency in design and deepen our technical understanding for motor design in our company.
For our theme, we selected geometry optimization to balance the load ratio and reduce variations.
Appropriate applications of the current functions are capable of increasing efficiency in design, and we confirmed that it is an effective tool for the purpose of training to deepen our understanding of motor characteristics and exploration of ideas.

Induction heating reduces energy consumption, contributes to the protection of environment, and improves productivity. This paper describes the developments and application of computer simulation on induction heat treatment considered with coupling of temperature filed and magnetic field. In this paper, the developed simulation code COSMAP and JMAG is introduced as a CAE software system for considering the design of induction heat treatment process covers all aspects of heat treatment simulation, from magnetic or electrical to thermal states, phase transformation, residual stresses including as well all metallurgical phenomena.

It becomes an important subject for some IPMSM to draw out its generated torque in a small quantities of the rare earth magnet due to its remarkable cost rise. In spite of the same outer dimensions, it will be required to comparable performance such as a generated torque, torque ripple and efficiency to original ones with reducing the used magnet amount. It will be realized, for example, by changing 12s8p (12slots8poles) to 9s6p of rotor structure, reducing the amount of magnet pieces 8 to 6.The distance between the magnets are enlargen to 0.5~1 of magnet length. With the void space between the magnets expanding, reluctance torque will be added to magnet torque. A pair of T-butterfly void is proposed, which had T bridge-stay structure that cut the gradually curved shape consisting of the continuous and differentiable curves that avoid angle direction component of stress working on the bridge pieces due to centrifugal force with a rotor silicon steel sheet surrounding the cavity. Typical optimal design of structure is shown by JMAG finite element methods at around 6,000rpm and confirmed its effectiveness.

Workpieces are needed to be induction heated to a fixed temperature uniformly in a certain situation. In order to explore feasible induction coil designs by using electromagnetic and heat transfer coupled analysis, pre-established current patterns to hold the workpiece temperature are needed.
In this study, we employed the method feedback temperature to control current during coupled analysis.

A familiar method to enhance coercivity of neodymium-iron-boron sintered magnet is to diffuse heavy rare earth element into the main phase from the magnet surface through the boundary phase.
In this report, the influence of non-uniform coercivity distribution by diffusing Dy and Tb as heavy rare earth element in thermal demagnetization is studied and the simulation results by JMAG are reported.

An induction heating type melting furnace heats and melts metals with induction heating. When analyzing them in detail, it is important to account for heat dissipation due to heat generation and thermal fluid from the electromagnetic field. In addition, property values change as temperatures rise, so it is necessary to analyze the electromagnetic field and thermal fluids in both directions.
This presentation will report on a case study using two-way coupling analysis of JMAG and STAR-CCM+.

In recent years, mainly in small and medium power motors, the rotational machines becomes required to be higher power, smaller size, and higher magnetic flux density. However, in large class alternative current rotational machines, when the machines is operated on high magnetic flux density, eddy current loss and temperature rise of the stator core supports are remarkably increased by the leakage magnetic flux. Therefore, to evaluate the loss and the temperature rise quantitatively is important in designing higher magnetic flux density machines.
This presentation reports eddy current loss analysis evaluation and temperature rise verification test of stator core clamping stud bolts in 3500HP induction motor.

As internal combustion engines have been made lighter in recent years with higher outputs, there is a trend toward higher loads being imposed on engine components. As a result, to improve the resistance to abrasion and fatigue strength, heat treatment is done such as induction hardening.
During the induction hardening, changes of phase and stress-strain due to temperature are occurred. Because these changes have interaction, it is difficult to predict displacement and residual stress. So, in many case, heat treatment condition is derived by the experience or trial-and-error.
To solve this situation, there are many researches of heat treatment for deriving the optimal condition to achieve sufficient mechanical properties and less displacement. In this work, analysis technology to reproduce changes of temperature, phase fraction and stress-strain is built, and result of residual stress prediction is reported.

The production of electric motors in a massive global scale imposes restriction on the type of electric machines that can be used, considerably limiting the use of permanent magnet in the machine design. This constrain arises due to the high pressure on some natural resources, i.e. rare-earth materials, by the production line. The alternative is to make use of machine designs that are magnet-less, such as switched reluctance motors (SRM), synchronous reluctance motors (SynRM), etc. One of the main issues associated with these reluctance machines is the poor NVH behavior. The overall vibro-acoustic behavior of the machine can be very inconvenient for the users, e.g. in automotive applications, and this issue needs to be properly addressed early in the motor design phase. At Siemens Industry Software NV there are large efforts being allocated in the development of tools and procedures to be able to model and predict those acoustics emission in the initial stages of the motor design by making use of multiphysical simulation. These capabilities developed by company take into account controller aspects (input of current waveform), electromagnetic forces acting upon the rotor and stator (calculated by making use of JMAG software), structural dynamics and vibro-acoustic emissions. Besides demonstrating all those modeling and prediction capabilities this paper also focus on the how that physical insight can be used to better design RMs in order to minimize its acoustic emission and maximize the user comfort.

In motor and motor drive system design, complexity and shortening of release cycle of product increase number of investigations required for specification and device design. Efficient multi-disciplinary optimization and seamless 1D and 3D integration are important for competitive product and company. In this paper, 2-step multi objective optimization of EV system integrating 1D and 3D simulations is introduced. For the first step, IPM motor shape is optimized focusing on drive torque and core loss. For the second step, system specifications in EV system including optimized motors are optimized focusing on electric power efficiency and difference toward target velocity in driving cycle. From the result, effectiveness of the optimization approach is introduced.

The growth of the power electronics industry continually pushes the boundaries of real-time simulation technology. As new-generation power switching devices increase speed, control systems are able to run faster and tighter control loops. Testing the control systems requires a combination of state of the art hardware and specialized simulation software. To stay ahead of the industry trends, OPAL-RT Technologies and National Instruments are collaborating to bring best-in-industry hardware-in-the-loop testing tools to the dynamic power electronics market.

This presentation will describe the strategic alliance between NI and OPAL-RT to develop power electronic teaching tools as well as for the development of a rich library of fast power electronic converter and motor models compatible with JMAG and optimized for HIL simulation and testing for automotive and industrial applications.

Since JMAG has the function of parallel processing between nodes using not only SMP but also MPI, it has potential for improving throughput and reducing the turnaround time by using the solver function in a PC cluster.
In this presentation, the difference between WS and PC cluster, as well as how calculation can be more efficient by using a PC cluster and job management system will be introduced.

JMAG-RT will be built-in to a 260mm x 190mm x 84mm box, and will be introduced as an application example of torque ripple reduction control or motor signal generator (virtual motor).

It has been reported that punching causes remnant stress and deteriorates magnetic properties of the electromagnetic steel sheets used in rotating machines.
How to incorporate effects of residual strain in analysis models is an important issue in accuracy improvements of loss analysis.
A single sheet test was run to measure the amount of degradation in magnetic properties and loss properties using electromagnetic steel sheets degraded due to cutting, and attempted modeling in electromagnetic field analysis.
This presentation will report on evaluation results for the material modeling method and effects of loss due to punching.

One of the problems of the development process for control software is that the software challenges tend to be concentrated in the later stages of development, since the evaluation and verification of control software are performed after a hardware development.
ECU that controls motors and inverters must be prepared for the evaluation/verification of control software; however, frontloading the development process is possible by utilizing model-based development environments such as JMAG-RT.
From control evaluation in MILS as the initial stage of control development, JMAG-RT is used for software evaluation/verification with HILS and Rapid Prototype ECU as well as HILS and an actual ECU to decrease time spent on the evaluation/verification of actual motors. This essay will present applied cases of software development for JMAG-RT.

The process of manufacturing magnetic material laminations dedicated to electromagnetic devices implies some degradation of the magnetic properties compared to unprocessed material. It is becoming more and more important to consider this effect to accurately design an electric motor, especially when efficiency or temperature rise are design constraints. This paper describes a complete workflow, from the material data analyses obtained on samples to the numerical simulation. It goes through a brief description of the model used to simulate the cutting effect and presents a method to identify the model parameters. The methodology is applied to the case of a permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance motor with two different stator configurations, to evaluate the impact of manufacturing the magnetic steel laminations on the motor performances.

An accurate plant model is required in developing sensorless control in simulation.
HILS environment is developed to run a conformance check of control embedded in ECU with an accurate motor model. Development result is included in the presentation.

Hyperloop is a high-speed ground transportation system capable of greater than 300 m/s, with extremely low operating costs. The system creates a low pressure environment for reduced drag losses, and utilizes a high power electromagnetic linear motor for propulsion. The motor design has been performed using JMAG, along with the optimization tool HEEDS to arrive at a motor design that is highly cost-effective at the system level. The design and development activities at Hyperloop shall be presented with a focus on the propulsion system.

The torque sensor is a physical sensor using the inverse magnetostrictive effects that the ferromagnetic alloy has, and it is used for the leg-power detection of electric-assisted bicycles or the steering torque detection of the electric powered steering systems.
The specification of the magnetic circuit comprised of exciting coils, a back yoke and so on is important to design the high sensitive and robust magnetostrictive sensors.
In this article, a process to determine the optimum specifications based on the analysis results of JMAG-Designer will be shown.

It is known that the iron loss of the motor core made from laminated electrical steel sheets becomes worse due to compressive stresses applied in the manufacturing process. In order to perform quantitative analyses, we developed an apparatus that can measure the iron loss considering the compressive stress of electrical steel sheets. In addition, we measured the iron loss by using the apparatus and evaluated the measured results. In this presentation, I will show the features of the measurement apparatus, and measurement results.

In recent years, a number of nano- and micro-satellites have been proposed for various objectives such as remote sensing and astronomy observations because of their practical cost and short development period. In most of these satellite missions, the satellite attitude should be stabilized precisely to obtain high resolution images and precise scientific data. To achieve such precise attitude control and stabilization, the satellite attitude dynamics should be precisely understood, both in their satellite design phase and in-orbit satellite operations. Specifically, a magnetic attitude torque is the dominant disturbance in Low Earth Orbit (LEO) for small sized satellites, although the magnetic torque is not significantly affected in usual sized satellites. The presentation will show examples of magnetic analyses in the development of the small sized satellites.

Many discussions take place in various locations and situations during the Users Conference. We predict that we will hear spectacular ideas and constructive criticisms for JSOL.
We hope to share these ideas and criticisms with the participants and open them up for discussion to push JMAG even further. We look forward to seeing you there.